Prospective Hindsight
Prospective hindsight is the act of pretending a future event has already happened, then coming up with reasons or explanations as to why it happened.
A study performed in 1989 (Mitchell, Russo, and Pennington 1989) shows that using prospective hindsight can improve the ability to correctly predict reasons for future outcomes by as much as 30%.
References
Mitchell, Deborah J., J. Edward Russo, and Nancy Pennington. 1989. “Back to the Future: Temporal Perspective in the Explanation of Events.” Journal of Behavioral Decision Making 2 (1): 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.3960020103.