Prospective hindsight is the act of pretending a future event has already happened, then coming up with reasons or explanations as to why it happened. A study performed in 1989 ([Mitchell, Russo, and Pennington 1989](#ref-mitchellBackFutureTemporal1989)) shows that using prospective hindsight …

The Failure Anticipation Review, also called a "pre-mortem", is a proactive risk assessment technique developed by Gary Klein. It involves imagining a project has already failed and then brainstorming possible reasons of the failure, for the purpose …